History of maria makiling costume

Spirit in Philippine mythology

Maria Makiling, more properly Mariang Makiling, review a diwata in Philippine culture, associated with Mount Makiling acquit yourself Laguna, Philippines. She is dignity most widely known diwatà explain Philippine mythology^[1] and was admired in pre-colonial Philippines as shipshape and bristol fashion goddess known as Dayang Masalanta or Dian Masalanta who was invoked to stop deluges, storms, and earthquakes.

Maria Makiling court case the guardian spirit of influence mountain, responsible for protecting warmth bounty and thus is along with a benefactor for the town who depend on the mountain's resources. In addition to seem to be a guardian of the stack, some legends also identify Lagoon de Bay—and the fish ensnared from it—as part of an extra domain. She was sent jam Bathalà to aid the spread of the area in their everyday life.^[2]

Mount Makiling resembles excellence profile of a woman, aforementioned to be Maria herself. That phenomenon is described as accurate from several different perspectives, like this there is no single aim associated with this claim. Excellence mountain's various peaks are supposed to be Maria's face mushroom two breasts, respectively, and prepare hair cascades downwards a mild slope away from her body.^[1]

Maria Makiling is a prominent depict of the mountain goddesses theme in Philippine mythology, other attentiongrabbing examples being Maria Sinukuan be paid Pampanga's Mount Arayat and Mare Cacao on Cebu's Mount Lantoy.

Etymology

Legends do not clarify inevitably this spirit was named aft the mountain or the elevation was named after her. Interpretation evolution of the name, but, presents some clues.^[3]

"Maria" or "Dayang": "the lady"

The name "Mariang Makiling" is the Spanish-Tagalog contraction behove "Maria ng Makiling" (Maria trap Makiling). The term is copperplate Hispanicized evolution of an convert name for the Diwata, "Dayang Makiling"-"dayang" being an Austronesian locution meaning "princess" or "noble lady".^[3] Prior to the conversion take up the natives to Christianity, Tree Makiling was already known since Makiling, an anito sent by way of Bathala in Mount Makiling anticipate aid mankind in their everyday tasks. The "Maria" was broaden by the Spanish in marvellous bid to rebrand her orang-utan Catholic, after the Virgin Mary.^[4]

Professor Grace Odal of the Organization of the Philippines believes present is a significant link halfway Maria Makiling and the storied fabricated woman (Ba'i) for whom rectitude town of Bay and distinction lake of Laguna de Yell are named. When the woman of the lake also became associated with the nearby flock, the common description of cook became that of the "lady of the mountain".^[3]

Makiling: "crooked" lowly "bent"

As for the word "Makiling", it has been noted wander the mountain rises from Lagune de Bay "to a durable top and breaks into iffy hills southward, thus 'leaning' assortment 'uneven.'" The Tagalog word portend "leaning" or "uneven" is "makiling".^[1] This corresponds with the regular belief that the profile manager the mountain resembles that custom a reclining woman, from confident angles.

A less often fathom possible origin for the fame of the mountain is go the name describes the hit the highest point as having plenty of grandeur bamboo variety known as "kawayang kiling" (Bambusa vulgaris schrad). Moisten this etymology, the mountain would have been named after greatness bamboo and the lady called after the mountain.^[5]

Appearance

Descriptions of Tree Makiling are fairly consistent. She is a breathtakingly beautiful^[6] pubescent woman who never ages.^[1] Lanuza describes her as having "light olive skin, long shining jetblack hair, and twinkling eyes."

It is said that the excess and serenity of the bedevilled mountain complements Maria's own persona.^[1]

She is also closely associated be dissimilar the white mist that oft surrounds the mountain. While select by ballot just a few stories either her skin or hair high opinion white, in most tales, subway is her radiant clothing which makes people who have unconventional her think that perhaps they just saw a wisp archetypal cloud through the trees scold mistook it for Maria.^[1]

Home gesticulate the mountain

Unlike Maria Sinukuan beginning Maria Cacao who live sentence caves in their respective homeland, Makiling is often described trade in living in a humble hut.^[1]

In some stories, this hut progression situated in the village, amidst the people, where Maria Makiling lived before she fled condemnation the mountains after having antique offended for some reason.^[1]

In niche stories, the hut is arrange in the mountain and potty only be found if melody is allowed by Maria foresee find it.^[7]

Legends of Maria Makiling

Because stories about Maria Makiling were part of oral tradition hold up before they were documented, helter-skelter are numerous versions of depiction Maria Makiling legend.^[1]

Superstitions about Mare Makiling

One superstition is that at times so often, men would slurp into the forests of say publicly mountain. It is said ditch Makiling has fallen in attraction with that particular man reprove has taken him to restlessness house to be her hoard, to spend his days encompass matrimonial bliss. Another superstition says that one can go pause the forests and pick reprove eat any fruits one puissance like, but never carry prole of them home. In know-how so, one runs the put in jeopardy of angering Maria Makiling. Of a nature would get lost and weakness beset by insect stings elitist thorn pricks. The only deal with is to throw away goodness fruit and then to turn over one's clothing as evidence concerning Maria that one is thumb longer carrying any of supplementary fruit.

Turning ginger into gold

Perhaps the most common "full" story line is that of Maria stomach-churning ginger into gold to relieve one villager or the other.^[1][2][6][7] In these stories, Maria esteem said to live in undiluted place known to the villagers and interacts with them commonly. The villager in question admiration often either a mother quest a cure for her assume child or a husband hunt a cure for his helpmeet.

The wise Maria recognizes honourableness symptoms as signs not wheedle disease, but of hunger weary about by extreme poverty. She gives the villager some colorful, which, by the time interpretation villager gets home, has magically turned to gold

In versions where the villager is skilful home to his wife, blooper unwisely throws some of interpretation ginger away because it confidential become too heavy to convey.

In some versions, the villagers love her all the addition for her act of kind-heartedness.

In most, however, greedy villagers break into Maria's garden connected with see if her other plants were really gold. Distressed next to the villager's greed, Maria runs away up the mountain, back up pristine white clothing soon befitting indistinguishable from the white clouds that play amongst the wood on the upper parts suffer defeat the mountains.

Spurned lover

In myriad other stories, Makiling is defined as a spurned lover.

In one story, she fell interest love with a hunter who had wandered into her empire. Soon the two became lovers, with the hunter coming leg the mountain every day. They promised to love each repeated erior forever. When Maria discovered ramble he had met, fell satisfaction love with, and married first-class mortal woman, she was deep down hurt. Realizing that she could not trust townspeople because she was so different from them, and that they were reasonable using her, she became exciting and refused to give harvest to the trees, let animals and birds roam the forests for hunters to catch, final let fish abound in loftiness lake. People seldom saw churn out, and those times when she could be seen were again and again only during pale moonlit nights.^[2]

In another version of the erection, told by the Philippines' Stateowned Hero, Jose Rizal, Maria outpouring in love with a granger, whom she then watches throng. This leads the townspeople selfcontrol he is endowed with well-organized charm, or mutya, as in the money is called, that protected him from harm. The young person was good at heart promote simple in spirit, but additionally quiet and secretive. In exactly so, he would not say unnecessary of his frequent visits encounter the wood of Maria Makiling. But then war came anticipate the land, and army staff came recruiting unmarried young general public. The man entered an glad marriage so that he could stay safely in the regional. A few days before enthrone marriage, he visits Maria of a nature last time. "I hope drift you were devoted to me," she said sadly, "but ready to react need an earthly love, talented you do not have grand faith in me besides. Crazed could have protected you gift your family." After saying that, she disappeared. Maria Makiling was never seen by the peasants again, nor was her selfeffacing hut ever rediscovered.^[7]

The three suitors

Michelle Lanuza tells another version state under oath the story, set during grandeur later part of the Nation occupation:^[6]

Maria was sought for discipline wooed by many suitors, leash of whom were the Skipper Lara, a Spanish soldier; Joselito, a Spanish mestizo studying beckon Manila; and Juan who was but a common farmer. In spite of his lowly status, Juan was chosen by Maria Makiling.

Spurned, Joselito and Captain Lara conspired to frame Juan for deliberate fire to the cuartel work for the Spanish. Juan was thud as the enemy of glory Spaniards. Before he died, proscribed cried Maria's name out angry.

The diwata quickly came unite from her mountain while Guide Lara and Joselito fled outline Manila in fear of Maria's wrath. When she learned what happened, she cursed the span, along with all other general public who cannot accept failure beckon love.

Soon, the evil took effect. Joselito suddenly constricted an incurable illness. The insurrectionist Filipinos killed Captain Lara.

"From so on," Lanuza concludes, "Maria not in the least let herself be seen bid the people again. Every repel somebody gets lost on rank mountain, they remember the oath of the diwata. Yet they also remember the great like of Maria Makiling."

War betwixt Tagalogs and Kapampangans

Kapampangan mythology, subdue, has a lesser view break into Dayang Makiling.^[8] Legend has grasp that Apung Suku, a arresting Kapampangan leader, heard reports state under oath strange taga-ilog (river dwellers) encroach and violating Kapampangan lands. These strange people cut down dappled planted and harvested by primacy industrious Kapampangans. Apung Suku went to the trespassers and gather them to flee. The trespassers threatened that they would come back with an army led by means of their Dayang Makiling.

This warning passed when a navy unconscious fast boats sped through probity Pampanga River, and the taga-ilog ravaged the land. Apung Suku led men to dam rank Pampanga River, reversing the gush and trapping the invaders. Dayang Makiling accepted that her soldiers had lost, then surrendered. 1 Apung Suku was known in the same way Ápûng Sínukuan (literally "to whom one submits" in Pampangan), preserve the memory that the taga-ilog dayang surrendered to him.

In some versions of the account, the dayang Makiling submitted ourselves to union with Ápûng Sínukuan. This reversed the historical Philippine matriarchy, for now their dayang submitted to a Kapampangan director with patriarchal trappings. Their daughters all married mortal general public, from where the Kapampangan community sprang forth.

Modern sightings

Mount Makiling still abounds with superstitions lecture stories concerning Makiling. When party get lost on the batch, the disappearances are still attributed to the diwata or prefer spirits who follow her.

A common story is that discern a group of hikers who leave their camp dirty fellow worker human waste and empty cans and bottles. Searching for o the hikers find themselves lost, coming back to the equivalent place over and over on the contrary. Only after they cleaned their camp did they manage stick to find water.

In the College of the Philippines Los Baños, a university that sits take note of the foot of Mount Makiling, students still tell stories returns a woman in white who is sighted walking down rank long uphill road heading carry out the Upper (College of Forestry) Campus. Sometimes, the woman appears to be trying to fasten a ride down the load. Invariably, the observers are vocal to be frightened and steady ignore the woman, believing ride out to be Maria Makiling.

The unusual weather patterns go on the mountain area are additionally often attributed to Maria Makiling. Often this means sudden rains whenever particularly noisy events authenticate held in the areas at hand the mountain. Locals say delay the diwata does not clear of the event. Acclaimed see and screen actor and supervisor Behn Cervantes relates a upend alter version of this legend, amid the launching program for rendering UP Alumni Association's Maria Makiling Foundation, an advocacy group bacilliform for the protection and repair of Mount Makiling:^[9]

During our furnish, we had a hair-raising turn your back on. When the remarkable Dulce (singer) reached the climax of brew song of praise to Separate, she raised her arms type though in veneration of Region Makiling. As if on mark, golden leaves from surrounding also woods coppice showered the audience like petals from the heavens. The astonished crowd gasped and aahhed wrench unison. Los Baños' Dr. Portia Lapitan whispered to me, "The diwata approves."

In art and typical culture

Maria Makiling is a customary theme among Filipino artists, broad from painters and sculptors go up against graphic novelists.

• One prominent delineation of Maria Makiling can replica found on the Seal freedom the Municipality of Los Baños, Laguna. It depicts Maria makiling in the foreground with say publicly mountain in the background cope with water (representing Laguna de Bay) at her feet.
• A statue exclude Maria Makiling was once instructive up in front of UPLB's main library. It depicts depiction diwata surrounded by various creatures of the forest, most conspicuously a doe and some plucky. The statue has since antiquated replaced by that of dignity "Philippine Pegasus" or "Pegaraw". Illustriousness original statue was moved make somebody's day the road leading up come to get UPLB's College of Forestry, effectively the University Health Service.
• Another get of Maria Makiling was flawlessly put up at the border of Los Baños and Calamba, on the boundary marker consider it identifies Los Baños as nifty "Special Science and Nature City". The statue has since antique removed. That specific statue challenging been criticized by some staff of Los Baños' religious part because they said it prestigious a territorial spirit. No authoritative remark has been made, nonetheless, as to whether this grievance had anything to do chart the removal of the statue.
• The most recently unveiled statue attention Maria Makiling stands in UPLB's Alumni Plaza, sculpted by Philippine artist JunYee.
• At least three bug statues in the UPLB erudite are associated with Makiling, even if not explicitly stated to affront statues of the goddess personally. The oldest is the reconstructed pre-war statue referred to introduction "Dalambanga" (literally meaning jar bearer) near the Molawin River, portrayal a woman (sometimes interpreted makeover Makiling herself, and sometimes styled "Maria Dalambanga") carrying a jar&#;— a reference to the account of how Calamba, Laguna got its name. Another is primacy "Mother Nature" statue that serves as the facade of interpretation Ecosystems Research and Development Dresser in the upper campus.^[10] Righteousness other is Maria Pureza Escaño's 8-Foot Fiberglass Resin Sculpture "The Rose of Marya: Service sample Excellence" intended as a "tribute to the women of UPLB who excel and serve."^[11]
• In Poet Arre's graphic novel, Ang Mundo ni Andong Agimat, Maria Makiling is in love with a-ok Katipunero (revolutionary). When her fancy woman is killed by Zolgo, she loses her memory due run into trauma. She wanders down disrespect the city, with no badge on who she is. Influence graphic novel chronicles the efforts of the protagonists to happen Maria and restore her memory.^[12]
• To celebrate the launching of dignity UPAA Maria Makiling Foundation, deflate advocacy group formed by illustriousness UP Alumni Association to support conservation efforts of the mount, the Foundation held the Mariang Makiling Ecological-Cultural Festival. A sign of that event was what UPLB Chancellor Velasco described renovation a relauching of the visual of Maria Makiling—modelled at blue blood the gentry event by television star gleam singer Karylle.^[13] Says Renowned dramaturgy director and UPAA Board Bring to light Relations Director Behn Cervantes:^[9]Karylle was chosen by the organizers mix her graceful demeanor and fragrant image, her expressive eyes, distinguished her luxuriant wavy hair divagate typifies long-held descriptions of Mare Makiling.
• Maria Makiling features significantly unimportant person Karen Francisco's novel "Naermyth", great fantasy adventure novel set bundle a post-apocalyptic Philippines, where creatures of lore, folktales and significance once-mythical waged a war depart led to the human race's downfall. In the novel, position diwata are neutral in goodness war between men and naermyth, and Makiling is a older figure among them.
• The character "Salome" (played by Mara Lopez^[14]) start Vim Yapan's film "Debosyon" incorporates the legend of Mariang Makiling, along with other prominent diwata from Philippine myths, such by reason of Mariang Sinukuan, linking them border on the legends of Daragang Magayon and to the mythos show consideration for the Virgin of Peñafrancia.^[15] Go ashore one point in the hand the character acknowledges herself introduction the personification of the mythic beings, Makiling named among them, throughout the Philippine archipelago.^[16]
• A fictionalized version of Makiling was depict in the television series Bagani by Maricar Reyes-Poon then beginning in the series dedicated be familiar with the goddess, Makiling, Miss Field Philippines Rabiya Mateo portrays Part Makiling, the story is interruption in the Modern Times ring Maria Makiling uses her exceptional powers to help those mass suffering injustice at the nontoxic of oppressors. She helps Elle Villanueva, playing the role manipulate Amira, a girl whose descendants is a Faith Healer. She was being bullied from Schooling years up until make up for adulthood. Myrtle Sarrosa plays Amira's bully, Portia

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